Popular painkillers regularly used as a treatment to bring down inflammation have been found to cause fast heart rate, a dangerous heart rhythm condition known as atrial fibrillation, according to a new study. Atrial fibrillation is the medical term for an irregular and often very rapid heart rate. Beyond causing poor blood flow throughout the body, this condition also brings with it an upped risk of heart failure, stroke and death. Today more than 2 million Americans, and 4 million in the European Union have this condition, many undergoing treatment with anticoagulant drugs.
The pain medications in question are ones we know. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs, are used to bring down inflammation (from a disease like arthritis or an injury), ease pain and reduce fever. They do this by blocking enzymes and proteins naturally made by the body.
If you’ve been taking a NASID for more than ten days, you should talk with your doctor about your symptoms. Cox-2 inhibitors are a form of NASID that target the enzyme COX-2 that’s involved with inflammation and pain.
Earlier research on painkilling medications and the heart has found NSAIDs and cox-2 inhibitors bring a higher chance of heart attack and stroke, however, this is the first work to link the popular painkilling drugs to atrial fibrillation.
The researchers examined over 32,000 patients who were initially diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during the years 1999 to 2008. Each patient was then compared to 10 healthy controls who were the same age and sex.
The researchers discovered that using these painkilling drugs was tied to a higher chance of developing atrial fibrillation – with the link strongest among those who were new to using these medications. NSAIDs brought an upped risk of 40%, cox-2 inhibitors a whopping 70% higher risk.
This works out to be about 7 extra cases of dangerous atrial fibrillation for every 1,000 new people using cox-2 inhibitors – 4 extra cases for NSAIDS. For those just starting on a cox-2 inhibitor, the risk appeared highest in older adults and those who had conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or chronic kidney disease.
The researchers are hoping that the study causes doctors to consider atrial fibrillation as a cardiovascular risk that must be considered when choosing to treat a patient with these medications.
It’s not like the drugs don’t have their problems. In 2004 cox-2 inhibitor Vioxx was abruptly removed from the market due to an upped chance of heart attack while taking it. In 2007 a warning to doctors against prescribing NSAIDS for heart patients came from the American Heart Association. Then a study In July 2010 showed that people without health problems who take NSAIDs on occasion might be at a higher risk of dying from heart problems.
A 2011 research review found that NSAIDS can also boost the likelihood of stroke, heart attack, even death. These findings come from an analysis of 31 trials involving NSAIDs that suggest a patient’s heart health should be considered before being given these medications.
So what to do? If you or someone you love has heart issues, talk with your doctor before taking these popular painkillers, even on an occasional basis. While the risk will need more study before being widely accepted, for those who already have heart issues, being cautious with all medications is a smart move to avoid them being a cause of fast heart rate.